The Crusades were military expeditions undertaken by Western Christian kings under the sponsorship of the Pope in Rome from the end of the 11th century to the close of the 13th century. The objective was to liberate the holy city of Jerusalem, freeing it from Islamic domination. This objective was achieved in the First Crusade (1095-99), the holy city was taken and the Kingdom of Jerusalem created. In addition, a number of Christian states and princedoms were also created, such as Odessa, Antioch and Tripoli. Following the Second Crusade (1147-49), and the subsequent retaking of Jerusalem by Saladin in 1187, a Third Crusade (1189-92) was undertaken with the express aim of recovering the holy places. The other Crusades, there were a total of eight altogether, were no more than attempts to emulate the achievements of the first three, until the final expulsion of the Franks from the Middle East. The diorama presented here is a general representation of the numerous sieges carried out on forts throughout the Third Crusade. The scene depicts Saladin and his troops attacking a Templar castle around the year 1190.
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